Resume vs CV — What's the Difference and Which Do You Need?

'Resume' and 'CV' are often used interchangeably, but they're different documents in most of the world.

A resume is a 1-2 page summary of your experience, skills, and achievements, tailored per application.

A CV (curriculum vitae) is a comprehensive record of your academic and professional history — often 2+ pages, growing over time.

In the US and Canada, use a resume for most roles and a CV for academic, research, or some international positions.

In Europe, Asia, and Latin America, 'CV' usually means what Americans call a resume. Check local norms.

Academic CVs include publications, teaching, grants, conference presentations, and committee service.

International CVs may require a photo, date of birth, and nationality — common in Europe and Asia, avoid in the US.

Match your document to the country and role. When unsure, a tailored 1-2 page resume is the safest default.